HISTORY OF INDONESIA, GREAT HOUSE YOGYAKARTA

Great House Yogyakarta at 1901

Yogyakarta presidential palace was originally the official residence of the resident to-18 in Yogyakarta (1823-1825). He was a Dutchman named Anthonie Hendriks Smissaert, which is also the originator or initiator of the construction of this Great House. This building was established in May 1824 in the Dutch colonial period. It originated from the desire of a "palace" is authoritative for the resident-resident Dutch. Architect named A. Payen; he was appointed by the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies at that time. Follow the style of European architecture of the building to suit the tropical climate.

Diponogero War (1825-1830), whom the Dutch called the Java War, resulting in the construction of the building was delayed. Disaster / earthquake occurs twice on the same day, causing the official residence of the Dutch resident collapsed. But the new buildings erected and completed in 1869. The building is at the Main Building Complex of the Presidential Palace of Yogyakarta, which is now called the State House.

History also records that on December 19, 1927, the administrative status of the territory of Yogyakarta as residencies increased to the province. Supreme ruler of the Netherlands was no longer resident, but the governor. Thus, the main building which was completed in 1869 it became the residence of the governor of the Dutch in Yogyakarta and the entry of Japanese occupation. Some of the Dutch governor who inhabit these buildings are JE Jasper (1926-1927), PRW van Gesseler Verschuur (1929-1932), HM de Kock (1932-1935), J. Bijlevel (1935-1940), and L Adam (1940-1942). During the Japanese occupation, this palace became the official residence of the Japanese authorities in Yogyakarta, namely Koochi Zimmukyoku Tyookan.

History of the Great House is a very important and very meaningful when the government of the Republic of Indonesia moved from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. On January 6, 1946, Yogyakarta, who got the nickname City of Gudeg it officially became the new capital of the Republic of Indonesia that is still young, and the palace was turned into the Presidential Palace as the residence of President Sukarno, President of the Republic of Indonesia I, along with his family. While Vice President Mohammad Hatta and family when it lived in the building now occupied by Korem 072 / Pamungkas, which is not far from the palace complex.

Since then, the history of the palace (mainly the function and role) changed. Inauguration of the Great Commander General Sudirman as the TNI (on June 3, 1947), followed by the inauguration of the tips of the Republic of Indonesia Armed Forces High Command (on July 3, 1947), and five young Rebulik Cabinet that was formed and inaugurated in the Palace as well.

On Sunday 19 December 1948, Yogyakarta, battered by the Dutch army under the leadership of General Spoor. Event known as the Military Aggression II led to the President, Vice President, Prime Minister, along with several other princes were exiled to the outer island of Java, specifically to Brastagi and Bangka, and just returned to Yogyakarta on July 6, 1949. Start date, the court again serves as the official residence of the President. However, since December 28, 1949, namely the migration of the President to Jakarta, the palace is no longer the residence of the President.

 A historical event that can not be ignored is the function of the Great House was originally the founding of the Republic of Indonesia (dated June 3, 1947). At that time the Great House serves as the inauguration of General Sudirman, as the Commander of the Indonesian National Army (TNI). In addition, for three years (1946-1949), this building serves as the official residence of the President of the Republic of Indonesia I.
 

After the independence of Indonesia, precisely at the offices of President II RI, since April 17, 1988, the Presidential Palace in Yogyakarta / Great House is also used for the implementation of Midshipman Ceremony-Akabri Air New cadets, and at the same event Farewell The New Young Officers Passed by the Governor and the people of Yogyakarta Special Region. In fact, since the date of August 17, 1991, formally the Presidential Palace in Yogyakarta / building used as a place to commemorate the Great Moments Proclamation for the Special Region of Yogyakarta.    

In line with its function is now, more than 65 heads of state and head of government and state guests, has been visiting or staying at the Great House. Guests of the first state visit to the building is the President of India Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1958). In the sixties, King Bhumibol of Thailand Adulyajed (1960) and President Ayub Khan of Pakistan (1960) to visit and spend the night in this building. A year later (1961), it is a state guest of Prime Minister Abbas Ferhart from Algeria. In the seventies, who visited the President of the D. Macapagal of the Philippines (1971), Queen Elizabeth II of England (1974), as well as Prime Minister Srimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka (1976). 

Then, in the eighties, the country's guest is Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Kuan Yeuw (1980), The Pertuan Sultan Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam (1984). Other important guests who never rest in the Great House, among others, Princess Sirindhom of Muanghthai (1984), Ny. Marlin Quayle, wife of Vice President of the United States (1984), President F. Mitterand of France (1988), Prince Charles with Princess Diana of England (1989), and head of the Catholic Church Pope John Paul II (1989).

In the nineties, the great guests who visit the Great House is the Sultan Azlan Shah Pertuan Agung of Malaysia (1990), Japan's Emperor Akihito (1991), and Princess Basma of Jordan (1996).

(RI Presidential Palace, Presidential Secretariat, 2004)